Which two factors primarily determine the quality of an X-ray image?

The quality of an X-ray image is primarily influenced by kilovolt peak (kVp) and milliampere-seconds (mAs). The kilovolt peak determines the energy of the X-rays produced; higher kVp levels result in more penetrating power, which influences the contrast and overall brightness of the image. This affects how well different tissues can be distinguished from one another based on their densities.

Milliampere-seconds refers to the quantity of X-rays produced. Higher mAs creates a greater number of X-ray photons, which improves the image's overall density, making it easier to visualize structures. Balancing kVp and mAs is crucial; while kVp affects the quality of the penetrating X-rays, mAs is essential for achieving the right exposure level to capture a clear image.

The other options do play roles in image quality, but they are not the primary determinants. Exposure time and film type can affect the image as well, but they are secondary factors compared to kVp and mAs. Distance from the X-ray source and patient size influence the exposure and clarity, but they do not directly affect the intrinsic qualities of the image as kVp and mAs do. Contrast resolution and spatial resolution pertain to the ability to differentiate